정형화 Weight Regularization

  • 최적화 함수의 weight_decay 로 강도를 조절할 수 있습니다.
  • ex) torch.optim.SGD(params, lr=1, momentum=0, dampening=0, weight_decay=0, nesterov=False)
  • 모델이 오버피팅할 경우, 적절한 강도로 정형화를 걸어주면 이를 어느정도 극복할 수 있습니다.
  • 정형화 부분 빼고는 컨볼루션 인공신경망 코드와 동일합니다.
In [1]:
# 런타임 유형을 GPU로 바꾸시길 추천드립니다.
!pip install torch torchvision
Requirement already satisfied: torch in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (1.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: torchvision in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (0.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from torch) (1.16.4)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow>=4.1.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from torchvision) (4.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from torchvision) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: olefile in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from pillow>=4.1.1->torchvision) (0.46)

1. Settings

1) Import required libraries

In [0]:
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
import torch.nn.init as init
import torchvision.datasets as dset
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader

2) Set hyperparameters

In [0]:
batch_size = 256
learning_rate = 0.0002
num_epoch = 10

2. Data

1) Download Data

In [0]:
mnist_train = dset.MNIST("./", train=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor(), target_transform=None, download=True)
mnist_test = dset.MNIST("./", train=False, transform=transforms.ToTensor(), target_transform=None, download=True)

2) Check Dataset

In [5]:
print(mnist_train.__getitem__(0)[0].size(), mnist_train.__len__())
mnist_test.__getitem__(0)[0].size(), mnist_test.__len__()
torch.Size([1, 28, 28]) 60000
Out[5]:
(torch.Size([1, 28, 28]), 10000)

3) Set DataLoader

In [0]:
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(mnist_train,batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True,num_workers=2,drop_last=True)
test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(mnist_test,batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False,num_workers=2,drop_last=True)

3. Model & Optimizer

1) CNN Model

In [0]:
class CNN(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(CNN,self).__init__()
        self.layer = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(1,16,3,padding=1),  # 28 x 28
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(16,32,3,padding=1), # 28 x 28
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2,2),            # 14 x 14
            nn.Conv2d(32,64,3,padding=1), # 14 x 14
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2,2)             #  7 x 7
        )
        self.fc_layer = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(64*7*7,100),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(100,10)
        )       
        
    def forward(self,x):
        out = self.layer(x)
        out = out.view(batch_size,-1)
        out = self.fc_layer(out)
        return out

2) Loss func & Optimizer

In [8]:
device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
print(device)

model = CNN().to(device)
loss_func = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()

# 정형화는 weight_decay로 줄 수 있습니다.
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate, weight_decay=0.1)
cuda:0

4. Train

In [9]:
for i in range(num_epoch):
    for j,[image,label] in enumerate(train_loader):
        x = image.to(device)
        y_= label.to(device)
        
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        output = model.forward(x)
        loss = loss_func(output,y_)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        
    if i % 10 == 0:
        print(loss)          
tensor(2.3000, device='cuda:0', grad_fn=<NllLossBackward>)
In [0]:
#param_list = list(model.parameters())
#print(param_list)

5. Test

In [11]:
correct = 0
total = 0

with torch.no_grad():
  for image,label in test_loader:
      x = image.to(device)
      y_= label.to(device)

      output = model.forward(x)
      _,output_index = torch.max(output,1)

      total += label.size(0)
      correct += (output_index == y_).sum().float()

  print("Accuracy of Test Data: {}".format(100*correct/total))
Accuracy of Test Data: 9.805688858032227

정확도가 왜 이렇게 낮을까?

  • 먼저 다른 기법들을 배워보면 이유를 알 수 있습니다!
In [0]: